Engine.



No. 660,]60. Patented Oct. 23, I900.

L. S. HOLMES.

ENGINE. (Application filed Feb. 5, 1900.)

(No llodel.) 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 660,160. Patented 01kt. 23, I900.

L. S. HOLMES.

Enema. 3;

(Application filed Feb. 5, 1900.

(NolodeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 660,|60. Patented Oct. 23, I900.

L. S. HOLMES.

ENGINE. 7

(Application filed Feb. 5, 1900.)

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P iZg-O- v G A. 9 r: T

v z I 6 I w 3 I W35 65- [ml 670%?"- No. 660,l60. v Patented Oct. 23, I900. 1

' L. S. HOLMES.

ENGINE.

(Application xua Feb. 5, 1900. D (No Model.) 5 Shaata-8heat 4.

No. 660,I60.

(No Model.)

L. S. HOLMES.

ENGINE.

(Application filed Feb. 5, 1900.)

'5 Sheets-Shoot 5.

3 IV W W l m liiiiiiii mu mum iiiiiiiiiii \\\\1 is W fi j Hum fr i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LYMAN S. HOLMES, OF SCHOHABIE, NEW YORK.

I Enema.

SPECIFICATION formingvpart of Letters Iiatent No. 660,160, dated October 23., 1900.

Application filed February 5,1900. Serial No. 4,037. on n.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN S. HOLMES, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Schoharie, cou nty of Schoharie, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Im-. provements in Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will onable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in engines wherein two pistons located one Within the other and having paths of movements transverse to each other are operatively connected to'the shaft, said pistons working within cylinders the inner one of which exhaustsdirectly into the outer through ports leading through the walls thereof from opposite sides of the engineshaft. The construction embodies mechanism for reversing the engine at the will of the operator and also automatic cut-off mechanism of a simple and effective character.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of an engine embodyingmyinvention. Fig.2representsatop plan view thereof. Fig.3 represents an elevation at right angles with respect to Fig.1. Fig. 4 represents a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents a partial section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4:. Fig. 6 represents an exterior view of the inner cylinder. Fig. 7 represents a top plan view showing the reversing-gear for the upper part of the inner cylinder. Fig. 8 represents a bottom plan view showing the lower part of the reversing-gear for the inner cylinder. Figs. 9 and 10 represent sectional views on the lines 9 9 of Fig. 5 and 10 10 of Fig. 9, respectively.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the power-shaft of the engine, and B indicates the main engine-cylinder, the latter being formed in two parts bolted together and having the exhaust-ports a b governed by the cutoffs c d, with their stems e f joined by links 9 h with a connecting-rod i.

WVithin the cylinder B is fitted the main piston, consisting of the disksj it, connected by the cylinder 0, which cylinder is slotted at Z, (see Fig. 4,) so as to permit the vertical reciprocation of thepiston. The cylinder C ferred to is supplied primarily through the inlet-pipe s, which enters the valve-box D, containing a shiftable valve if, (indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and by full lines in Fig. 4,) so that by shifting said valve the motive fluid will be directed into either the pipe 00 or the pipe as, as the case maybe. To this end the valve is provided with an operating-arm I a, connected by the link 10 with the arm 1), fixed upon a rock-shaft '0, having an operat- -ing-handle w. The operating-arm is provided with a locking-pawl engaging in slots of the segment w at opposite ends of the throw of said arm, so as to lock and hold it in the adjustment chosen. It will be noted that while one of the pipes :20 a) is supplying the motive fluid to the distributing-chests 0 o the other pipe conveys the exhaust to the valve-box D, from which it discharges by a single conduit y into the common exhaust-pipe F.

Within the inner cylinder 0 is located the inner piston, consisting of the heads z z, connected together by the partition 19 which has a central opening within which fits a crank Z2 of the shaft A, suitable roller-bearings 2 being providedjto reduce friction. Upon the shaft A are also mounted the eccentrics 0 d operating the rods 6 f which are connected at their upper ends by a slotted link'g, engaging with a pin h extending from the connecting-rod 7;. By reason of this construction and arrangement the exhaust-valves a bare actuated at appropriate intervals. The slotted link g 'is connectedby a lfmk'k? with the reversing-lever w, so as to shift the cutoff valves with respect to eachother when the engine is to be reversed, as hereinafter set forth.

The inner cylinder exhausts into the outer cylinder through ports provided for the purpose in the heads j 75. These ports are provided with valves for opening and closing them. The valves 91 n are pivoted at m" m to the head and govern the ports 77L I'Il They are connected by a bar 0 which is actuated by an arm 0 having a rectangular or polygonal slot through which passes freely the corresponding rectangular or" polygonal stem or blade 0'', rigidly secured to the reversing valve It, so as to oscillate therewith. The blade 0 does not partake of the reciprocating movement of the outer piston, but fits free within a slot therein, the arrangement being such that the arm 0 moving with the piston to which it is attached, plays freely up and down upon the blade 0, while turningwith said blade when the latter is oscillated with the reversing valve. A link 19 connects the bar 0 with an arm p fixed to-a vertical rod p, which passes entirely through the outer piston and carries at its lower end an arm p pivotally connected to a bar 19 To the bar 1) are attached valves 25 i pivoted to the head it at t" 25 said valves governing the ports 3 8 respectively.

3 to close, as indicated in Figs. 4, 7, and 8,

whereas the oscillation of the reversing valve t in the opposite direction will cause the pair of ports m s to close and the other pair of ports m s to open. It will also be apparent that the same reversing-lever w effects simulranged antifriction-rollers 7' r said rollers being located and confined within the recesses 2 The object of these rollers is of course to avoid friction, and the cam-bars are to take up slack as required, for which purpose they are connected to the heads .2 2 by means of set-screws S It will be observed that the piston-heads 7' 7s m m are provided with steam-tight packing 10 as shown, and, furthermore, that the heads 2 z of the inner cylinder are similarly packed at "0 The extent of contact of the heads m m with the walls of the outer cylinder is correspondingly diminished, as will be plainly seen on reference to Fig. 5, the friction being furthermore decreased by reason of the fact that the steam passes freely through the openings n 01' into the space beyond.

The operation of the engine will be readily understood. Steam, compressed air, or other It will be apparent that an oscillation of the reversing valve 6 in one direction will cause the one pair of ports 1 m. s to open and the other pair of ports m 5 motive fluid being admitted to the valve-box i will when the parts are in the adjustment illustrated in the drawings pass, as indicated by the arrows, through the pipe as to thedistributing-chestso0. Entering through the valve 1) into the cylinder C the motive fluid will advance the inner piston toward the right, carrying wit-h it the partition 12* and effecting a partial revolution of the powershaft A. When the partition has been carried past the dead-point, the motive fluid will issue through the port on and will act expansively in the upper part of the outer cylinder, thereby forcing the outer piston downward and continuing the revolution of the shaft. When the outer piston has reached the limit of its downward movement, the valves 19 p and also the cut-offs e (Z attain relatively reverse positions, whereupon the motive fluid enters through the valve 19 and drives the inner piston toward the right, causing the shaft to make the third quarter of its revolution. When the piston passes the port 8 the motive fluid issues through said port and is used expansively to drive the outer piston upwardly, thereby completing the cycle. From what has been said hereinhefore as to the construction and mode of operation of the reversing-gear it. will be evident that in order to reverse the engine it is merely necessary to release the hand-lever w from its initial position and to draw it over the segment 10' until it.- reaches the limit of its throw. Auxiliary pipes (not shown in the inders with the motive agent, said pipes being fitted with appropriate stop-cocks and are adapted to be used for the purpose of starting the motor should it be stopped at a point where the supply of the said agent is cut off.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, the inner cylinder being provided with two pairs of ports, each cooperating pair leading through the walls of the outer cylinder from opposite sides of the engine-shaft, and reversing valves and valve-gear for closing one pair of ports and opening the other; substantially as described.

2. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, the inner cylinder being provided with two pairs of ports, each cooperating pair leading through the walls of the outer cylinder from opposite sides of the engine-shaft, and reversing valves and valve-gear for closing one pair of ports and opening the other, said reversing valves and valve-gear comprising two pairs of valves connected to move simultaneously and an actuating stem or rod; substantially as described.

3. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pis tons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, the inner cylinder exhausting into the outer, and the outer cylinder exhausting into the air, valves governing said exhausts, admission-ports for the inner cylinder, valves governing said admission-ports, a main distributing-box governing the flow of motive fluid to said admission ports, a reversing valve within said box and a reversing-lever operatively connected to reverse said valves; substantially as described.

4. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, admission-ports at opposite ends of the inner cylinder, supply-chests for said ports, a main distributing-box governing the flow of motive fluid to said admission-ports, said box having pipe connections with said chests, a reversing valve within said box, and a reversing-lever operatively connected to reverse said valve; substantially as described.

5. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, admission-ports at opposite ends of the inner cylinder, exhaust-ports at opposite ends of the outer cylinder, valves for said admission and exhaust ports, and eccentrics on the engine-shaft for operating said valves; substantialiy as described.

6. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons locatedone within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, cylinders within which the pistons move, admission-ports at opposite ends of the inner cylinder, supply-chests for said ports, a main distributing-box governing the supply of motive fluid through said chests and ports to the inner cylinder and receiving the partial exhaust therefrom, an exhaust-pipe into which the exhaust received by the distribu ting box discharges, and a reversing valve forsaid box; substantially as described.

7. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, the inner piston being connected to a crank on the shaft by means of a web of 'the inner piston,.said web being provided with means to permit of its adjustment to take up wear; substantially as described.

8. An engine, comprising a shaft, two pistons located one within the other and having paths of movement transverse to each other, said pistons being operatively connected to the shaft, and cylinders within which the pistons move, the inner cylinder being adapted to exhaust directly into the outer cylinder through ports leading through the Walls of the inner cylinder from opposite sides of the engine-shaft, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LYMAN S. HOLMES.

Witnesses:

GRANT L. BIOE, M. A. AKELEY. 

